ABB AO2000-LS25 Laser analyzers unit MEASUREMENT & ANALYTICS
ABB AO2000-LS25 Laser analyzers unit MEASUREMENT & ANALYTICS
This manual contains information of installation, operation and maintenance of the AO2000-
LS25 Laser analyzer. A description of the analyzer and its basic features is also included.
Please read sections 3 and 4 carefully before using the analyzer. It is a sophisticated instrument
utilizing state-of-the-art electronic and laser technology. Installation and maintenance
of the instrument require care and preparation. Failure to do so may damage the instrument
and void the warranty.
The analyzer is an optical instrument for continuous in-situ gas monitoring in stack, pipes,
process chambers or similar and is based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy
(TDLAS). The analyzer utilizes a transmitter/receiver configuration (mounted diametrically
opposite each other) to measure the average gas concentration along the line-of-sight path.
The measuring principle is infrared single-line absorption spectroscopy, which is based on
the fact that each gas has distinct absorption lines at specific wavelengths. The measuring
principle is illustrated in Figure 1-1. The laser wavelength is scanned across a chosen absorption
line of the gas to be measured. The absorption line is carefully selected to avoid cross
interference from other (background) gases. The detected light intensity varies as a function
of the laser wavelength due to absorption of the targeted gas molecules in the optical path
between transmitter and receiver. In order to increase sensitivity the wavelength modulation
technique is employed: the laser wavelength is slightly modulated while scanning the absorption
line. The detector signal is spectrally decomposed into frequency components at harmonics
of the laser modulation frequency. The second harmonics of the signal is used to
measure the concentration of the absorbing gas. The line amplitude and line width are both
extracted from the second harmonics line shape, which makes the measured concentration
insensitive to line shape variations (line broadening effect) caused by background gases.
NOTE: The analyzer measures the concentration of only the FREE molecules of the specific
gas, thus not being sensitive to the molecules bound with some other molecules into complexes
and to the molecules attached to or dissolved in particles and droplets. Care should be
taken when comparing the measurements with the results from other measurement techniques.
The transmitter unit contains the laser module with a temperature stabilized diode laser, collimating
optics, and the main electronics in a coated Aluminum box. The receiver unit contains
a focusing lens, the photodetector and the receiver electronics in a coated Aluminum
box.
Both transmitter and receiver units have environmental protection IP66, and the standard optical
windows withstand pressures up to 5 bar (absolute pressure). The monitor is installed
by assembling the transmitter and receiver units with the supplied purging & alignment
units, which in turn are mounted onto the DN50 process flanges (see
Figure 3-1). The optical alignment is easy and reliable, and the purging prevents dust and
other contamination from settling on the optical windows.
A block diagram of AO2000-LS25 is shown in Figure 1-3.
The power supply unit transforms 100-240 V AC to 24 V DC (if 24 VDC is available it can be
supplied directly to the transmitter unit). The power supply box is connected to the transmitter
box with a cable. The 4–20 mA input signals from external gas temperature/pressure sensors
can be connected to the screw terminals inside the power box or directly to the cable
connector on the transmitter unit.
The receiver electronics is connected with the transmitter electronics with a cable. The detected
absorption signal from the photodetector is amplified and transferred to the transmitter
unit through this cable. The same cable transfers the required power from the transmitter
unit to the receiver unit.
The transmitter Al box contains the major part of the electronics. The CPU board performs all
instrument control and calculation of the gas concentration. The main board incorporates all
electronics required for instrument operation such as diode laser current and temperature
control and analogue-to-digital signal conversion. A display (LCD) continuously displays the
gas concentration, laser beam transmission and instrument status. The RS-232 port can be
used for direct serial communication with a PC. The optional Ethernet board provides TCP/IP
communication via LAN (local area network), which can be used instead of serial communication.
All cable connectors are Phoenix VARIOSUB type and waterproof.
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Replacing an electrical equipment unit in a plant is a complex task that requires careful planning and execution to ensure safety and minimize downtime. Here is a general step-by-step guide on how to replace electrical equipment in a plant:
Pre-Planning:
Safety Precautions:
Shutdown Procedures:
Disconnection:
Removal of Existing Equipment:
Installation of New Equipment:
Testing and Commissioning:
Documentation:
Training:
Startup:
Throughout the process, it’s important to work closely with a team that includes electrical engineers, technicians, and maintenance staff. Communication is key to a successful equipment replacement. Additionally, always adhere to local electrical codes and standards to ensure compliance and safety. If the task is beyond the expertise of in-house staff, consider hiring a professional contractor experienced in industrial electrical work.
Obtaining industrial automation programming software typically involves the following steps:
Identify Your Needs:
Research Software Options:
Contact Equipment Manufacturers:
Purchase or Download:
Academic or Evaluation Versions:
Open Source Options:
Licensing:
Training and Support:
Legal and Compliance:
Installation and Setup:
Here are some common ways to obtain industrial automation programming software:
Remember to keep your software updated to benefit from the latest features and security patches. Also, ensure that you have the necessary backup and recovery procedures in place to protect your programming work.
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