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带电机器人守护特高压

From:电力自动化产品信息网 | author:kongjiangauto | Release :2021-11-22 | 419 view: | Share:

科技创新“悬一线”

——看湖南电网那些跻身全国前列的创新成果



8月26日, 国网湖南带电作业中心自主研发的国内第一台输电带电作业机器人“梦想Ⅰ号”,在进行电力检修演示。 记者 刘建光 摄

国内第一台输电带电作业机器人“梦想Ⅰ号”走上特高压,电力检修不停电;全国*先进的计量器具全自动智能仓储检定系统落点湖南,电量计量更精准;电网防冰技术国际领先,电网山火防治系统填补国内外空白……

在国网湖南电力所属的带电作业中心、计量中心和防灾减灾中心,到处闪耀着科技的光芒、创新的火花,有力地保障了电网安全和人民群众利益。

带电机器人,守护特高压

线路工高空作业给人的印象是既艰苦又危险:在离地数十米至上百米高的电线上,手脚并用地缓步行走;如果需要在不停电的情况下作业,还要穿着厚厚的绝缘服,在高空烈日下“蒸桑拿”……

不过,在国网湖南带电作业中心的实训基地,记者见到了一个盒状的机器:通过无线遥控,在高压电线上进行检修,准确地拧紧了一个松掉的螺栓。这就是带电作业中心研发的国内第一台输电带电作业机器人“梦想Ⅰ号”,诞生于2015年1月7日。

“以前,如果高压线路有问题,是需要停电处理的。”带电作业中心高级工程师牛捷说,以110千伏线路为例,停下一条线路,会影响到几万户居民。尤其是作为全球能源互联网骨干网架的特高压,一旦投运更是很难停电检修。但如果人工带电作业,作业人员的技能、体能和心理素质都要承受很大考验。

“梦想Ⅰ号”因此应运而生,它采用精简的可重构结构,重量仅52公斤,能进入人员无法进入的紧凑线路,对缠绕在输电线路上的塑胶、布条等异物进行带电清除,也可精准地更换绝缘子、紧固引流板等。按一次带电作业避免停电时间2小时计算,1年进行25次220千伏带电作业可多供电量1000万千瓦时,社会效益、经济效益明显。

“未来的特高压线路上,将出现更先进的带电作业机器人,”牛捷说,“梦想Ⅰ号”的升级版“梦想Ⅱ号”即将上线工作,它可以实现自主作业,不需远程遥控,自动跨越行驶路上的障碍,“梦想Ⅲ号”也正在加紧研制。

50多项全自动检测,保障电表计量精准

很多人关心家里的智能电表到底经过哪些严格检测,计量是否准确?记者日前走进国网湖南计量中心,参观了全国*先进的计量器具全自动智能仓储检定系统。

在国网湖南计量中心办公楼一楼大厅里,醒目地张贴着门捷列夫名言:“没有计量,便没有科学。”走进车间,检定仪器上闪烁着红色、绿色的警示灯,一排排电能表通过流水线自动完成检定。从入库到检测出库,全过程自动化的检定,消除了人为失误。

“精准是计量仪器的生命,”该计量中心主任陈向群说,在湖南,每只智能电表安装到户之前,都必须首先经过该计量中心的严格检测,检测项目涉及计量准确性、环境影响性能、电磁兼容性等50多项。

经自动化流水线检测后,计量中心还要对检测合格的产品再进行人工抽检复核。同时,省质监部门也将对机检产品抽取20%进行复查,确保从计量中心出去的电表100%合格。据统计,中心已检测的智能电表计量误差,远低于国家规定标准。

计量中心现有6条自动检定流水线和1座智能仓储库房,一年能够正常检定电能表420万只。日前,这一全自动智能仓储检定系统被业内专家鉴定为国际领先水平,并被誉为中国制造在计量领域的典范。

“我们正在推广‘多表合一’,居民用电将更智能、方便。”陈向群介绍,“多表合一”是指通过一块表就能实现水、电、气等的精准计量和信息的远程采集与集成,电力客户只需通过一个手机软件就可实现同时缴纳水电气的费用。

“冰火卫士”,让电网从容面对灾害

夏秋之际的长沙仍旧暑热难消,而在国网湖南防灾减灾中心的人工气候室,气温却被设定在零下10摄氏度。这个直径25米高27.5米的圆柱形实验室里,所有的电力设备都覆盖上了一层厚厚的冰。研究人员胡建平走入其间时,忍不住打了个喷嚏。

冰灾、山火、雷电、暴雨等自然灾害对电网影响范围大、损失严重,极易造成电网大面积崩溃和停电。2008年南方电网艰苦的抗冰经历,给防灾减灾中心主任陆佳政博士留下了惨痛的记忆。在他的带领下,该中心开始进行电网防冰技术攻关。

为了收集现场第一手冰情资料,陆佳政和技术人员曾连续三个春节驻守邵阳、郴州、娄底等高寒山区的输电线路冰情现场。为解决冰雪天气下监测摄像头易发生结冰的难题,大家在低温的人工气候室进行了300余次试验和改进。为解决直流融冰装置谐波和造价问题,科研人员先后对十余种融冰拓扑方案进行论证,出具了长达1000多页的仿真计算报告。

目前,防灾减灾中心已经开发了国际首套电网覆冰预报系统,成功解决了电网冰情预测预报这一世界性难题;自主研发了输电线路覆冰自动监测系统,为电网抗冰提供了清晰的信息支撑;发明了国内首台直流融冰装置。

电网防冰系列成果,获得了2014年国家科技进步一等奖。该技术成果已推广至全国冰灾易发的10多个省份,成功应对了自2009年以来的42次不同程度电网冰冻灾害。

此外,为了加强电网山火防治,中心的科技攻关团队在经过300多天上千次配方试验后,成功发明了具有小流量防复燃性能的灭火剂,研制了垂直扬程达500米的移动高效灭火平台。目前,该技术已在全国26省市区成功应用。(周月桂)

(原标题:带电机器人守护特高压——看湖南电网那些跻身全国前列的创新成果)

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